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- Micro World Data Bank II (MWDB-II)
-
- Introduction
- ============
-
- The full WDB-II is a digitial map data base produced by the
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and distributed by the National
- Technical Information Service (NTIS), U.S. Department of Commerce,
- 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA, 22161. Micro WDB-II is a
- highly compressed version which is suitable for use on micro
- computers and was put in this configuration by Micro Doc. Before
- describing Micro WDB-II a few words should be said about the source
- file - WDB-II. The following paragraphs are paraphrased from the
- NTIS overview of WDB-II.
-
- WDB-II is a digitial representation of the world
- coastlines and boundries suitable for use in automated mapping
- systems. It contains approximately six million discrete
- geographic points and was digitized using all available sources
- of information. Map scales used range from 1:750,000 to
- 1:4,000,000 with a nominal scale of 1:3,000,000. These points
- are grouped by and identified as describing (1) coast lines,
- (2) country boundries, (3) state boundries (USA only), (4)
- islands, (5) lakes, and (6) rivers. Each of these groupings is
- further broken down into features and subordinate
- classifications/ranks. These ranks are hierarchically
- structured, and are also used for plotting symbol definition.
-
- WDB-II, as provided by NTIS, is in a 20 character format
- on five 9 track EBCDIC one-half inch magnetic tapes. This data
- base consists of two types of records, one for the line segment
- identifier data, and the other for the latitude and longitude
- values of each discrete point making up the line segment. In
- this format latitude and longitude values are recorded only as
- integers in degrees, minutes, and seconds. WDB-II is available
- for $660.00 (Order Number PB-271 874 SET/HBG).
-
- Clearly, WDB-II is an excellent data source when making large (4
- x 6 foot) plots on a mainframe or minicomputer. It is, however,
- somewhat large (150 - 200 megabytes) for use on microcomputers. Even
- on the larger commercial online graphics systems, many points have to
- be filtered out before generating displays. For this reason many
- people have spent considerable time over the past to filter and
- compress this data into a form which could be used in desktop
- computers. To these people we wish to express our appreciation -
- particularly Antonio Riveria who provided us with a copy of the
- latest download of the file.
-
-
- Background
- ==========
-
- The present version began as a three megabyte ASCII text file
- which contained some 179,000 points selected from all six of the line
- types described above. This file was then converted into a sixteen
- bit integer format which reduced the size to just over one megabyte.
- Since this was still a little large for most five inch disk formats
- the file was divided into six files - one for each of the six line
- types. The coast line file was further divided into two files as it
- was over 400 KB. With this processing completed the file was
- configured such that it could be readily moved to most desk top
- microcomputers using the MSDOS disk format. The following table
- provides a brief statistical overview of the six line types which are
- contained in the data base.
-
-
- Micro WDB-II File Composition
- =============================
-
- Detail COAST COUNTRY STATE ISLAND LAKE RIVER Total
- Level .PNT .PNT .PNT .PNT .PNT .PNT
-
- 1 29150 8573 798 13781 5886 11146 69339
- 2 35077 10172 959 16077 7080 13217 82599
- 3 5470 1496 153 2524 1023 1817 12526
- 4 4000 1249 101 1945 820 1254 9502
- 5 1478 869 248 844 309 760 5365
- Total 75175 22359 2259 35171 15118 28194 179331
-
- Lines 208 301 111 344 103 196 1263
-
- Size (KB) 449 134 14 211 90 169 1067
-
- The above table shows the number of points which are in each
- file and for each level of detail. It also shows the number of line
- segments in each file and the file sizes in kilobytes.
-
- Detail level 5 contains the fewest points and produces the least
- detailed graphics image. The points at each level of detail are
- additive to the points at all lower levels. For example, when using
- detail level 4 the points from both levels 4 and 5 must be used /
- retrieved. Therefore, if one were drawing coast lines at detail
- level 4, a total of 5478 (4000 + 1478) points would be processed.
- These 5487 points will describe 208 line segments of various lengths.
-
- Note that the same number of line segments exist at all levels
- of detail. For example, regardless of which level of detail is
- selected, there will always be 208 line segments described by the
- coast line data file. In some cases, mostly in the islands file,
- line segments degenerate to single points at the lower levels of
- detail. Therefore, programs which process this data must check to
- see whether each line segment header record is followed by a point
- record or another line segment record. More will be said about this
- later.
-
- Actual use of the data in these files has shown that most
- displays which cover a reasonably large area do not need all of the
- detail provided at level 1. A large area would be a major portion of
- the U.S. For large area plots level 3 or 4 is normally sufficient
- and greatly reduces the number of points which must be processed. To
- support generation of large area displays, four composit files were
- created. These are WDB3.ALL, WDB4.ALL, WDB5.ALL, and WDB5.CCI. The
- first three contain all line types for the indicated detail level
- (WDB3.ALL is level 3, etc.). WDB5.CCI contains only country, coast
- line, and island line segments and is intended for 'quick and dirty'
- testing work.
-
- Micro WDB-II Composite Files
- ============================
-
- Detail WDB3 WDB4 WDB5 WDB5
- Level .ALL .ALL .ALL .CCI
-
- 3 12480 0 0 0
- 4 9365 9502 0 0
- 5 4315 5365 4315 3664
- Total 26160 14867 4315 3664
-
- Lines 1263 1263 1263 853
-
- Size (KB) 157 82 25 17
-
-
-
- Micro WDB-II File and Record Structures
- =======================================
-
- All Micro WDB-II files are sequential files composed of fixed
- length six byte records which can be accessed randomly. Each record
- is composed of three 16-bit signed integer fields which can be read
- by all microcomputer languages. There are no record seperators used
- in these files. The record layout is :
-
- | Code | Latitude | Longitude |
-
- In Pascal, the record definition is :
-
- POINT = RECORD
- CODE : INTEGER;
- LATITUDE : INTEGER;
- LONGITUDE : INTEGER;
- END;
-
- Within the MWDBII files the records are stored as shown below.
- In some cases there may be hundreds of points in a single line
- segment. In other cases there may be consecutive header records
- which locate individual points to be plotted.
-
- |Header|Point1|Point2|PointN|Header|Point1|Point2|PointN|Header
- |Point1|Point2|Header|Header|Header|Point1|Point2|PointN|
-
-
- The same format is used for both the line header records and
- point records. The usage of each field is as follows :
-
-
- Field Definitions
- =================
-
- CODE - Line Header Records.
-
- The CODE field is used to :
-
- 1. Identify the type of line segment which is described by
- the point records which follow it,
-
- 2. Identify the line or point within the line type, and
-
- 3. Provide the coordinates if the record describes a point.
-
- In header records the CODE field is always a positive four digit
- number in the form of : ABBB where
-
- A = BBB = CODE =
- 1 = Coast lines 001 -> 208 1001 -> 1208
- 2 = Country boundries 001 -> 301 2001 -> 2301
- 4 = State boundries 001 -> 111 4001 -> 4111
- 5 = Islands 001 -> 344 5001 -> 5344
- 6 = Lakes 001 -> 103 6001 -> 6103
- 7 = Rivers 001 -> 196 7001 -> 7196
-
-
- CODE - Point records.
-
- In point records the CODE field contains the detail level. The
- detail level is a value in the range of 1 through 5. To properly
- retrieve points at any detail level use the following comparison :
-
- IF CODE >= DESIRED_DETAIL_LEVEL THEN ...
-
-
- LATITUDE and LONGITUDE - In both header and point records.
-
- The latitude and longitude fields contain the coordinate values
- expressed in signed minutes. The values in these fields are computed
- with the formula COORD_VALUE := (Degrees * 60) + Minutes. Thus, the
- ranges of coordinate values in MWDBII are :
-
- 90 00N = 5400
- 90 00S = -5400
- 180 00E = 10800
- 180 00W = -10800
-
- MWDBII uses the standard four quadrant cartesian coordinate
- system in which north, south, east, and west are referenced to the
- equator and the Greenwich meridian.
-
- When a header record is followed by point records the
- coordinates in the header record are the beginning of the line. When
- a header record is followed by another header record then the
- coordinates in the header record should be plotted as a single point.
- When working at low levels of detail it is common to find multiple
- consecutive header records which locate isolated points. There may
- also be gaps between some of the lines.
-
- This documentation and the associated files are placed in the
- public domain and may incorporated into other products without fee so
- long as appropriate credits are included. An appropriate credit line
- would be - "This product contains/uses data and/or code placed in the
- public domain by Fred Pospeschil and Antonio Riveria. Original
- coordinate data was created by the Central Intelligence Agency."
-
- All programs were compiled with MS Pascal Version 3.20.
- Graphics support was from Flexi-Graph, New Orleans General Data
- Services, 7230 Chadbourne Drive, New Orleans, LA 70126 and Micro Doc,
- 3108 Jackson St., Bellevue, NE 68005.
-
- ALL USERS OF THESE MATERIALS ARE TOTALLY RESPONSIBLE FOR THEIR
- USE AS THESE MATERIALS ARE PROVIDED WITHOUT EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
- WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND.
-
-